Anwar Sadat was the first President of the Republic of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist members of his own party on 6 October 1981. He was also the first President of the United States, the first civilian to become President of Egypt, and the first President of Egypt elected by popular vote. Anwar Sadat was born in Misr (now known as Faiyum) in Upper Egypt. He is one of ten children born to the family of Al-Hussein Kamel Sadat, an officer in the Egyptian Army
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His mother, Iman Sadat (1908-98), was one of Egypt's most prominent women's rights advocates. After earning a degree in economics from Cairo University in 1937, he joined the military and served for four years before resigning to work with his father's business. During this time he became increasingly interested in politics.
He traveled widely in Europe during this period, and became fluent in French and German. Sadat eventually returned to Egypt where he joined the army once more, serving as an intelligence officer for three years before resigning to run for Parliament, which he won in a landslide.